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廣州新東方酷學(xué)酷玩夏令營：

1）這兩個時態(tài)的主要差別是，現(xiàn)在完成時表示動作業(yè)已完成， 而完成進(jìn)行時卻不一定如此：
i’ve made a cake. 我做了一個蛋糕。（已做好）
i’ve been making a cake. 我一直在做一個蛋糕。 （不一定做好了）
she’s painted a picture. 她畫了一幅畫。（已畫好）
she’s been painting a picture. 她在畫一幅畫。（可能還沒畫好）
they’ve built a bridge. 他們建了一座橋。(已建好)
they’ve been building a bridge. 他們一直在建一座橋。（可能還在建）
he’s written a novel. 他寫了一部小說。（已完成）
he’s been writing a novel. 他在寫一部小說。(可能尚未完成)
2）許多靜態(tài)動詞都只能用于完成時而不能用于完成進(jìn)行時：
i’ve known that for a long time. 這事我已經(jīng)知道很久了。
the strike has lasted six months. 這次罷工已經(jīng)持續(xù)了6個月。
nobody has seen him since last week. 從上周起就沒人見到過他。
we’ve had terrible weather for nearly two weeks. 幾乎有兩星期天氣都很惡劣。
they’ve owned the house for many years. 這房子他們已經(jīng)擁有許多年了。
i’ve always thought you’re right. 我一向認(rèn)為你是對的。
但當(dāng)意思發(fā)生轉(zhuǎn)變時也可能用于完成進(jìn)行時：
i’ve been thinking of doing so for a long time. 我好久以來一直想這樣做。
tom has been seeing about a work permit for you. 湯姆一直在設(shè)法幫你取得工作許可證。
which judge has been hearing the case? 哪位法官在審這個案子？
she has been having a tooth out. 她在拔牙。
the children have been looking forward to this holiday for months. 孩子們好幾個月來一直盼望著這個節(jié)日。
want 這個動詞有時可用于完成進(jìn)行時，表示“一直想”：
you’re the very man i’ve been wanting to meet. 你正是我一直想見的人.
3) 有少數(shù)動詞用兩種時態(tài)都可以，意思差別不大，如：
they have been working very well this term. 這學(xué)期他們學(xué)習(xí)很好。
they have worked very well this term.

it has been raining for two hours. 下了兩個小時的雨。
it has rained for two hours.

i have been hearing from her regularly. 我定期收到她的來信。
i have heard from her regularly.

we have looked for mushrooms but have not found any. 我們找尋蘑菇但一無所獲。
we have been looking for mushrooms but have not found any.

強(qiáng)調(diào)時間長度用完成進(jìn)行時比較好：
i’ve been coughing all night. 我咳了一整夜。（比i’ve coughed all night. 更能強(qiáng)調(diào)咳得久）
all the time she’s been sitting there in silence. 她一直靜坐在那里。
all these years we’ve been trying to get in touch with him. 這些年來我們一直在設(shè)法和他聯(lián)系。
he’s been hoping for a raise in salary all the time. 他一直盼著加薪。

廣州酷學(xué)酷玩 tbmh.com.cn/gzxdf/