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廣州新東方酷學(xué)酷玩翻譯：若想把一門外語說得“湊合得過去”，至少需要掌握120個基本單詞。語言學(xué)家anne merritt 向我們解釋該如何學(xué)習(xí)這些單詞。

廣州新東方酷學(xué)酷玩告訴大家外語學(xué)習(xí)最基本攻略：記性不好如何記單詞？

to “get by” in a language it takes a vocabulary of about 120 basic words. anne merritt explains how to learn them.
廣州新東方酷學(xué)酷玩翻譯：若想把一門外語說得“湊合得過去”，至少需要掌握120個基本單詞。語言學(xué)家anne merritt 向我們解釋該如何學(xué)習(xí)這些單詞。

when trying to learn a foreign language, most of us have the same complaint: “i’m just not good at memorising.” learning new vocabulary can be daunting, especially for busy adults whose minds are already occupied with work, family, and other responsibilities.
廣州新東方酷學(xué)酷玩翻譯：我們中的絕大部分人，對于學(xué)習(xí)一門新語言都有相同的抱怨：“我記性不好�！钡拇_，學(xué)習(xí)新詞匯是挺讓人望而生畏的，尤其對于那些已經(jīng)被工作、家庭和其他責(zé)任占領(lǐng)了全部心思的成年人來說。

a comfort? linguists say that to “get by” in a language, such as directing a taxi or asking for a phone number, it takes a vocabulary of about 120 basic words. it’s a manageable goal, and a firm foundation for beginners. here are eight tips for getting there:
廣州新東方酷學(xué)酷玩翻譯：令人安慰的消息來了：語言學(xué)家表示，想把一門語言說得勉強能湊合著用，比如能基本滿足跟出租車司機指路、問別人要電話號碼這樣的事，只需要掌握120個基本詞匯就行。這是個可以達到的目標(biāo)，同時對于初學(xué)者而言，也是堅實的基礎(chǔ)。若想達到以下目標(biāo)，我們提供了8個小貼士：

1. set realistic goals
確定比較現(xiàn)實的目標(biāo)

forget the long vocabulary study sheets, or reading the dictionary. experts say that learners are capable or retaining 10-20 words per study hour. if you do 15 minutes of self-study per day, set a weekly vocabulary goal of 20-25 words and phrases. that’s only six weeks until the 120-word “survival kit” is learned and memorised.
廣州新東方酷學(xué)酷玩翻譯：把詞匯書、厚字典先扔到一邊兒去吧。專家認(rèn)為，每人每小時能夠掌握10-20個單詞。如果你每天都學(xué)習(xí)15分鐘，那么可以把每周計劃單詞量設(shè)置為20-25個生詞及詞組。這樣一來，只需要6個禮拜，你就能學(xué)會并牢記住那120個“生存必備單詞”啦。

2. cluster
使用分組記憶法

those one-word-a-day language learning apps may feel convenient, but thematically, they’re all over the place, delivering a chain of unrelated words: envelope, tired, january, receive, onion. focus on a single theme each week. the mind naturally clusters connected words together, so learning, say, types of weather in one lesson, and parts of the body the next, works in tune with your brain’s natural system for classifying information.
廣州新東方酷學(xué)酷玩翻譯：有些“一日一詞”之類的語言學(xué)習(xí)類應(yīng)用可能看著挺方便，但實際上呢，他們雜亂無章地把一堆毫無聯(lián)系的詞匯擺到你面前，比如：信封、疲憊、一月、接受、洋蔥等等。不如一周只學(xué)習(xí)一個主題。這樣就可以把相關(guān)的詞匯連起來，一起記憶。比如，第一節(jié)課，你可以只學(xué)習(xí)與“天氣”有關(guān)的單詞；下一次課呢，學(xué)習(xí)“身體部位”……如此這般，你的大腦會自然而然地將信息分類。

3. avoid opposites
不要用“反義詞法”來記憶

it might seem logical to study opposites together: hot/cold, expensive/cheap. it isn't. a learning hiccup called 'cross association' can occur, when you learn two words so closely together you end up mixing them up. if a spanish student learns 'always' (siempre) and 'never' (nunca) together, they might later draw on one word when they mean to use the other. instead, study the more common word first (eg: deep) and, once it’s retained, learn its opposite (shallow).
廣州新東方酷學(xué)酷玩翻譯：看上去，似乎記憶反義詞是挺不錯的學(xué)習(xí)方法：冷/熱、昂貴/便宜。其實不然，它會導(dǎo)致“聯(lián)想混淆”，讓你把兩個總是一起記憶的單詞混到一塊兒去了。假如一個西班牙學(xué)生學(xué)英語，把”always永遠”（西語：siempre）和”never從不”(西語：nunca)放在一起記憶，他很可能會在對話中使用與其本意相反的那個詞。我們應(yīng)該先學(xué)習(xí)常用的詞匯，比如“deep”（深）；等掌握了它，再學(xué)反義詞“shallow”（淺）。

4. dissect new words
剖析生詞

when encountering a new word, take a look at its structure. many words consist of prefixes and suffixes, and an understanding of these parts of speech is advantageous. the french word désagréable, for example, contains the negating prefix dés- and the adjective-forming suffix ╟able. studying these affixes can help you to understand conjugation and structure, and make educated guesses when encountering new vocabulary.
廣州新東方酷學(xué)酷玩翻譯：看到一個生詞，就該先琢磨它的結(jié)構(gòu)。很多詞匯都有前綴/后綴，一旦掌握了這些前后綴，對辨識詞義的幫助極大。比如法語詞匯“désagréable”中含有否定義的前綴“dés-”和表形容詞屬性的后綴“-able”。學(xué)會這些綴詞能幫你理解詞形、結(jié)構(gòu)，以及正確推測出生詞的含義。

廣州新東方酷學(xué)酷玩希望對大家的英語學(xué)習(xí)有所幫助！